Hi, this is the 6th IRC Japanese lesson at #JapaneseLessons over irc.rizon.org 
This has been done thanks to #LearnJapanese. Please visit us there or come to the 
new forum http://invision.nihongosensei.org/index.php 

This lesson has been given by tashi on 2006 January the 10th 9pm EST.
This Document is best viewed in WordPad.

kekekekeke is going to be absence for while guys, so tashi here will temporarily take-over!

Last week I told you how to conjugate ichidan verbs: 
	You take the ru off the end, and do whatever else you want.
I taught you te kudasai for polite requests, 
	-nasai for commands, te iru for -ing, and ta for past tense

Now, I'll teach you negative, potential, and anything else I can think of.

---------------------------------------- [ Ichidan Verbs: Negative Conjugation ] ---------------------------------------

To negate an ichidan verb, remove the ru (like with all ichidan verb conjugation) and add nai.
.
	taberu                 				(before conjugation)
	to eat

	tabenai						(after: negative conjugation)
	to not eat			(recap: tabenasai is a command telling someone to eat.)

	tabemasen 					(after: negative conjugation polite)
	to not eat

The past tense of verbs in nai form is just like adjectives (which I think you learned previously)

	tabenai	 -> tabenakatta
		     tabenai = to not eat
		     tabenakatta = did not eat

	neru                 					(before conjugation)
	to sleep

	nenai 						(after: negative conjugation)
	to not sleep

	nenakatta 					(after: negative conjugation past tenses)
	did not sleep

--------------------------------------------- [ Ichidan Verbs: Potential Form ] ---------------------------------------------

The potential form of verbs means 		: is able to 
so the potential form of taberu means 		: to be able to eat

You get to the potential form by taking off the ru (as always) and adding rareru.
	taberu 	-> taberareru
		    taberareru = to be able to eat

	nerareru
	to be able to sleep

Once you get the ichidan verb in potential form by removing the ru and adding rareru, what you have 
conjugates just like an ichidan verb again. So, to say "was able to sleep" you take off the last ru 
from nerareru and put a ta.

	nerareru						(before potential conjugation)
	to be able to sleep

	nerareta						(after: past tense potential form of sleep)
	was able to sleep

.
Let's put taberu in negative potential form to say "is not able to eat."

	taberu       -> 	taberareru       ->        taberarenai	( plain form )
		      	                      ->        taberaremasen	( polite )
.

And now to get the plain past tense potential form; you treat nai like an adjective and make it, 

	taberarenai					(before: potential conjugation)
	is not able to eat

	taberarenakatta 					(after: past tense potential conjugation)
	was not able to eat

It's important to learn the conjugations of verbs. 
You can get around the potential form by always saying " verb koto ga dekimasu "

So, 
	taberu koto ga dekimasu
	to be able to eat

It has the same meaning as taberareru, however, in japanese, it is just as common to conjugate 
the verb rather than adding all those words to your sentence.

You need to be familiar with all the forms of verbs so you can identify their dictionary form and 
discover their meaning.  I'll make some example sentences. PM me if you don't understand them.

	mae ni watashi wa tabemono o tabenakatta
	earlier, I did not eat food

	ima, nerarenai
	now, I am unable to sleep

In the second part, the subject "I" is understood, so it is not repeated (watashi is not needed).

While we're at it, I'll quickly throw out the "want to" verb form. I'm not sure if I did it last week. x.x
Putting tai after a verb means "want to"

	taberu 	 -> tabetai
		     to want to eat

	neru 	 -> netai
		     to want to sleep

To make it past tense, treat the tai part like an adjective.
	 
	taberu 	 -> tabetakatta
		     wanted to eat

	neru 	 -> netakatta
		     wanted to sleep

------------------------------------------------- [ Ichidan Verbs: Miru Verb ] -------------------------------------------------

Alright, now we'll learn the "try to" verb. Most of you might know 'miru' to see. 
Miru is also used as an auxilary verb when you want to say "try to do something" 
You put the verb in te form and stick miru at the end.

Taberu in te form is tabete. To say "to try to eat" you say, tabetemiru.
And to make that a command, you can say tabeteminasai, and to make it a polite request you can 
say tabetemite kudasai.Both of those mean "Try to eat" 

	taberu 	 -> tabete				(before: conjugation)

	tabetemiru					(after: miru conjugation)
	to try to eat

"to try to sleep" is nete miru. Miru is still an ichidan verb, so you can make it past tense with mita, 
or negative with minai , or negative past tense with minakattanete minai -> to not try to sleep

	neru 	 ->        nete    ->      nete miru		(present)
			           ->      nete mita		(past)
			           ->      nete minai		(negative)
			           ->      nete minakatta	(negative past tense)

----------------------------------------- [ Ichidan Verbs: Negative Commands ] ----------------------------------------

Oops, I don't think we know how to make negative commands... I guess we'll learn how now.
Put "de" after nai, and you have a construction that functions exactly the same as the te form 
(because it is te form for nai, even though it is a de technically) let's do it with taberu taberu in 
negative form is tabenai , and to make it a command, put de
	
	tabenai		-> 	tabenaide		= do not eat
	to not eat		tabenaide kudasai	= do not eat, please

To make a negative command from ' to sleep' ,

	nenai		-> 	nenaide			= do not sleep	
	to not sleep		nenaide kudasai		= please, do not sleep

If you have understood all of this and my previous lesson, you can do a lot with ichidan verbs.

------------------------------------------------------ [ Godan Verbs : Masu ] ----------------------------------------------------

Hopefully you've been studying hiragana (go juu on) because I'm going to start godan verbs now.
Hiragana are organized into rows. It starts with the a row, then ka, sa, and so on...
To conjugate a godan verb, you need to identify which row it is from.

Let's try hanasu... We have the verb hanasu, we see it has three hiragana characters: ha na su
The last one is su, this shows that it belongs in the sa shi su se so row.
The dictionary form of verbs is the middle ending for all rows u, ku, su , tsu, nu, etc

That means when you look into a dictionary, all the verbs will end with one of those characters.
Right, so hanasu belongs to the sa shi su se so row.. that's nice to know.  What to do with it?

I'll do masu first cuz it's easier :x than te.  Alright, we have our sa shi su se so row.. and hanasu
To make hanasu be in polite masu form, we have to get it to the second character of the row, 
which is shi. We change the su to shi, and add masu.

	hanasu      ->       hanashi      ->       hanashimasu
	to speak	  to speak	      to speak (polite)

The meaning hasn't changed, it still means "to speak", but the masu form is polite and good to use
.

Alright, now let's do the verb yomu = to read . Yomu is two characters. yo mu
The mu shows it is from the ma mu mu me mo line. To make yomu be in masu form, we get it over 
to the second character (mi) and add masu.

	yomu        ->       yomi          ->       yomimasu        
	to read		   to read	      to read (polite)

Now the verb tatsu = to stand. It is two letters. ta tsu
The tsu shows it is in the ta chi tsu te to row. Just like we did with the others, we get it over to the 
second character, chi.

	tatsu        ->       tachi          ->       tachimasu
	to stand		 to stand	     to stand (polite)

I'll do examples from the rest of the rows, then move on. 
	au 	    ->	 aimasu
	to meet		 to meet (polite)

	shinu	    ->	 shinimasu
	to die		 to die (polite) 

	kaku	    ->	 kakimasu
	to write 		 to write (polite)

	komaru	    	   ->	 komarimasu
	to be distressed  	 to be distressed (polite)

--------------------------------------------------- [ Godan Verbs : Te Form ] --------------------------------------------------

Good deal. Now, the te forms, as we learned from ichidan verbs, have a few different uses.
You link verbs together with the te form, mite taberu "to see and eat"
You can use the te form by itself as a request.
                                        
	miru 	= to look
	mite 	= look (request)
	taberu 	= to eat
	tabete 	= eat (request)

You can put kudasai after it to make a polite request: tabete kudasai
and you can put iru after it to mean -ing: tabete iru = eating
and nai -> naide (kind of on the side, not sure where it fits) example:

	tabenaide 		= do not eat
	tabenaide kudasai 	= please do not eat

The te form has the same functions for godan verbs but it's not as simple to get to the te forms.

For ichidan verbs, you just remove ru. 
For godan verbs, you have to identify the row the verb is from, and know how to handle it.  
We'll start with hanasu again. Verbs ending in su turn into shite in te form.

	hanasu 					= to speak
	hanashite 				= speak
	hanashite kudasai		 	= please speak
	hanashite iru (or casually, hanashiteru) 	= speaking
	
	watashi wa hanashite tabeta = I spoke and ate.          

A few rows do the same thing to get to te form. No wonder I couldn't think of verbs ending with fu.
Although it's not one of the base 46 or whatever characters, there is a ba bi bu be bo line.

An example is:
		yobu 		= to call
		yobimasu 	= to call (polite form)

Okay, back on track. Verbs from the mu, nu, and bu lines all change into nde in te form.

	yomu 				= to read
	yonde 				= read
	yonde kudasai 			= please read
	yonde iru (casually yonderu) 	= reading

As you can see, this can lead to c0nfuSi0n.

	yobu 				= to call
	yonde 				= call (a request)
	yonde kudasai 			= please call
	yonde iru (casually yonderu) 	= calling

This call isn't like a telephone call, it's calling out as in speaking.
The only way you can know what to do if someone yells "yonde kudasai" at you is to guess. >_>
If you're reading and you come across it, there should be kanji, and the kanji will show the meaning.

Nu is the last row of the nde te form verbs.

	shinu 		= to die
	shinde 		= die
	shinde kudasai 	= die please
	shinde iru 	= dying (but it should translate to english as "dead" almost all of the time)

This is an example of a little quirk that you just have to learn to deal with. In english, 
you say someone is "dead" and that's that. In japanese, they say shinde iru; which is like, 
stating that someone is in the state of being dead and it's not like they're going to stop being dead.
but that's just how it is.

Okay, now there are three rows that go to tte in te form, verbs ending with u, tsu, or ru.
We have our 
		au 	= to meet	       ->	       atte 	= meet 
		tatsu	= to stand	       ->	       tatte	= die
		komaru	= to be distressed     ->	       komatte	= distress

Komatte as a command doesn't really make sense, telling someone to be worried. I guess you 
could do it but it's uncommon. However, it's very common to say komatte iru or komatteru, 
meaning (something) is bothering / distressing me.

Lastly we have ku. To make verbs from the ku row into te form, you put ite.

	kaku 			= to write
	kaite 			= write
	kaite kudasai 		= please write
	kaite iru 		= writing

Great! I think that's all of them.

Here is a quick complex recap..

mu	nu 	bu 	-> nde
u    	tsu 	ru 	-> tte
ku 			-> ite
su 			-> shite

tai and nai act like adjectives. You can even make tai negative with takunai.

taberu    ->    tabetakunai	= to not want to eat
	        tabetakunakatta 	= did not want to eat

That's tabe with tai changed to takunai changed to takunakatta.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Next lesson I'll review the te forms for godan verbs. It’s very very important to know, Ok. Looks like 
I'm out of time. I hope all of you enjoyed the lesson and just as importantly, learned something!

______________
 ||  Homework  ||
--------------------------

1. Rewatch another one the 4 Yan videos for review.  (good time for new student to catch up)

2. Re-read another one of the 4 Lesson for review.     (good time for new student to catch up)

3. Review ALL hiragana, yes you have learned them all !   
	http://www.japanese-name-translation.com/site/hiragana_symbols.html
 	( I hope that you have been learning them,  because next week is Katakana )

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STUDENT LISTS :
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

candrodor		dude^2 			Lanthis 			Soriin 
divStar			Felicia			Lowkey			Takeya
Kowai` 			Fizzy 			maggie 			Tetsu 
Ryo-ohki 		Grangee		mal|fuud 		The_Paper 
Vincent-MX 		I_Might_Be_On_Fire	Mazhule 		Vanilla_icemarle 
yidaki			IceTiger 		milki			Xistance
AcridSaint		inuyasharenegade 	peroxide		Xplicit
Animonger 		ipridian			progeny			
att 			johny 			prosthetic 		
bjarnis			kiwiish 			R0N1N 			
b0b0 			Konowal 		rane			
Conspera		Korokun		Renato_kun		
Corncobb		Kuzu 			Rocky			
deaf|mute		L_FRoST 		Shippo 			

Thanks everyone! Do Some Review !! 
kekekekeke won't be back for a while. So don't slack off !!!!   ~~ tashi

Editors – Candrodor, Vincent-MX, tashi
This is Version 2.0

Vincent-MX Bonus: Behind the Scene
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Vincent-MX	 : hey..tashi..can you give an explaination on oyasumi?
tashi		 : oyasumi is from yasumu, to rest. 
		   yasumi is the base 2 form..like yasumimasu 
milki		 : o is polite
Vincent-MX	 : I believe that oyasumi is only say when (the person who is say it is sleeping)
tashi		 : nah, everyone says it
		   it means " do an honorific rest " . the o is an honorific marker like milki said
milki		 : honorific !?!?
tashi		 : yeah, lol
milki		 : thats so wierd -.-
tashi		 : oyasumi is a noun form of yasumu. so instead of "to rest" it is a "rest"

Lanthis		 : what is "because" en japonais?  (japonais = japanese in french)
Vanilla_icemarle : " datte " could be a "because"
Vincent-MX	 : nazekatoiuto = because
Vanilla_icemarle : vincent, thats too long O_o
		   because = datte, sorede, nazenara, nazenaraba
Lanthis		 : how do you pronounce the toiuto part?
Vanilla_icemarle	 : it sounds like: to-i-yu-to

Lanthis		 : What are some common ways of typing Japanese lols, hahas, etc?
ricked		 : w, most common way ive seen, just w
tashi		 : wwwwww
		   I laugh a lot when I laugh, ricked
ricked		 : the 1st letter that a japanese person'd type if they want to type warau(to laugh)
tashi		 : that way is too hard

Vincent-MX	 : hey out of curiousity, does game like: Final fantasy X, X-2, 9, Kindom heart 1,2
		   USE kanji or hiragana ?
tashi		 : kanji, much kanji.
Vanilla_icemarle : hehehe, try Pokemon. It use Hiragana.
tashi		 : lol
Vanilla_icemarle : XD
		   
ricked		 : if you want to say, " today i did this " would you use kyou ni... 
		   because it's not the subject or the object. Also it sound funny.
tashi		 : hmm...just kyou.  no particle.

=======================================================================
This 6th lesson by tashi was re-edited by      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~     Vincent-MX  V2.0  
=======================================================================
Thanks to Candrodor for doing such an awsome on the clean log.

This Document is BEST viewed in Wordpad instead of Microsoft Word ^_^;
       because wordpad doesn't have red spell check underlining.