This is the 4th IRC Japanese lesson at #JapaneseLessons over irc.rizon.org 
This has been done thanks to #LearnJapanese. Please visit us there or come to the 
new forum http://invision.nihongosensei.org/index.php 

This lesson has been given by kekekekeke on 2005 December the 27th 9pm EST.
This Document is best viewed in WordPad.

Hey everyone!
Tonight is lesson #4 of the super, glorious, maji hontou ni chooooo coool Japanese lessons!
Yay!  Hurray!  Whatever.  Let's go - iku zo
#japaneselessonssidespeak - That's the room where you can chat behind my back.
I'm not allowed in the room, though I may have a spy lurking :P    jyoudan yo - just joking

I hope everyone had a nice holiday and good food.  I hope you had a chance to view the logs 
before coming to class.  I clarified a few things but didn’t really add much. 

-----------------------------------  [ Adjective Conjugations: Past Affirmative ]  ------------------------------------ 

Last lesson, we left off in the middle of adjectives. I was talking about how there are 
two types of adjectives, those called " i " and those called " na " adjectives.

Examples of " i " adjectives would be:
	hiroi 	- wide, spacious
	semai 	- narrow, small

Examples of " na " adjectives would be:
	benrina	 - convenient, useful
	fubenna - inconvenient

I'll continue with the conjugation of "i" adjectives, and then do examples.
Just like with the verb "desu / da," "i" adjectives also have conjugations and levels of politeness.
You take the word "hiroi," and knock off the last "i" and you have its stem = hiro.
To make the present/future affirmative, you add back that "i."
hiroi desu - it's wide,  or just "hiroi" is okay too.

The desu is for politeness, and isn't needed with "i" adjectives.
You never conjugate the "desu / da" with adjectives, as I mentioned before.

For the past affirmative, you take the stem and add "katta" to it.
	hirokatta yo		- it was wide (i inform you/i assure you) (informal)
	hirokatta desu yo!  	- it was wide (i inform you/i assure you) (formal)
	hiroi desu ka?		- is it wide?
	iie, semai desu yo	- no, it is narrow (i inform you/i assure you)

I said last time that adjectives go before the nouns they modify, just like english, so
	hiroi michi - wide street
		michi = street.

One can also say,
	sono michi wa hiroi desu 	- that street is wide
or         sono michi wa hiroi yo 		- that street is wide (i assure you/i inform you)

in which case the adjective isn't directly modifying the noun, it's acting like a verb.
Obviously it's not a verb, but it's acting like what's called a verbal.  Remember, as I said before, 
the verb "desu" doesn't need to be in the sentence for it to be grammatically correct. However,
with " na " adjectives, which we will come to, you do need the " desu/da " in the sentence.

-------------------------------------  [ Adjective Conjugations: Negative ]  ------------------------------------------
                                                                                  
Let’s talk about the negative forms now. 
you take the stem - hiro - and add "kunai" or "kuarimasen"

	hirokunai - it is not wide
	hirokuarimasen - it is not wide

"Arimasen" is the negative form of the verb "arimasu."
	The plain form of arimasu = aru
	The negative form of aru = nai

Don't worry about that right now because we will talk about it soon.
What I'm saying is that "nai" = "arimasen" so "kunai" = "kuarimasen," the difference is the 
level of politeness. "kuarimasen" is more formal than "kunai"

hirokunai / hirokunai desu / hirokuarimasen - all mean "it's not wide"
The only difference is the level of formality.  The longer it is, in general, the more formal.

Informal speech in Japanese is full of short forms of verbs and adjectives as you'll eventually see.
	ano kawa wa hirokunai yo -  that river over there isn't wide (I assure you/I inform you)
		kawa = river

-------------------------------------  [ Adjective Conjugations: Past Negative ]  --------------------------------------
                                                                                      
Past negative "i" adjective conjugations are even longer.  
You take the stem hiro- and add "kunakatta" or "kuarimasendeshita"
haha Believe me, with time, they roll right off of your tongue, it's just practice.
 
	ku-arimasen-deshita
	ku-na-katta

Do not add spaces between the syllables, each syllable is timed exactly the same and held for 
exactly the same length of time in Japanese, I’m simply illustrating here the best way to grasp the 
pronunciation in useful chunks. Now, if you have a little bit of knowledge in Japanese and know 
something about verbs, or even if you don't, you might see a pattern here with the endings.

I said before aru = arimasu
		"aru" is the verb that means - to exist (there is, we've got, it is (located) etc.

It's used for inanimate objects.
It's very important to know that "aru" is not used with people or animate things.

There is another verb for that, which we'll talk about later. I'm not going to get into verbs right now. 
I just want to describe something that I think is important for the comprehension of this language.

If 
	aru 	= arimasu
	nai 	= arimasen  		 ( then guess what "nakatta" is equal to... )
	nakatta	= arimasendeshita

Do you see something here?  While I'm describing adjectives, this thing "nai" conjugates similarly.
The past of 
		nai = nakatta
			nai = isn't / doesn't / don't have

In Japanese, 
if someone asks you "do you have this?" you can just say "nai," and it would mean that you don't.

So what you are kind of doing with adjectives is attaching verbs to the stems.
It's not how I want you to think of adjectives, its just useful to know to memorize how to conjugate.
So
	hiroi 	   / hirokatta 	    / hirokunai          / hirokunakatta                      (informal)
    	hiroi desu / hirokatta desu  / hirokunai desu  / hirokunakatta desu 		 (neutral/formal)
	hiroi desu / hirokatta desu  / hirokuarimasen / hirokuarimasendeshita          (formal)
			            - please regard the "arimasen" forms as being more formal

In Japanese, if someone asks you "do you have this?" you can also just reply "arimasen" as well.
If this doesn't make sense, don't worry, it will be a little clearer when we get to verbs.
Let's just focus on adjectives.

-------------------------------------  [ Adjective Conjugations: Wrap Up ]  --------------------------------------------

	yasui 			= cheap, reasonable
	yasukatta 		= it was cheap
	yasukuarimasendeshita 	= it wasn't cheap
	yasukuarimasen 	= it isn't cheap

The " desu / da " , you don't conjugate these if you use them to make it more formal. So,

	yasukunakatta desu	= it wasn't cheap is okay
	yasukunakatta deshita 	= WRONG
	yasukatta deshita 	= WRONG
	yasui deshita 		= WRONG

Why say yasui deshita when the past form of yasui is yasukatta? Just say "yasukatta."

I have just been asked about the "ku" and the "katta" and what they mean.  Honestly, I don't know 
what the "katta" is there for, but as for the "ku" that grammar point is lessons away.  :P  "Katta" is 
a common conjugation for verbs in the plain (informal) negative past, but it also shows up in the past 
form of adjectives. Other than that, I don't know what it is.  Did you really want that answer? haha.

	kore wa takai desu ka?
	as for this, is it expensive?
		takai = expensive / tall (you know the difference from context)

	iie, kore wa takakunai desu yo
	no,                                        
		I think you can figure this out, as long as you know taka- is the stem, and 
		adding "kunai" makes it negative present/future.

Let me re-emphasize the ambiguity of present/future tense.  It's mostly only a problem with small 
sentences like this.  As you get deeper in the language, things become less ambiguous because 
you are talking about a known topic, and so you're not wondering if you're talking about the future 
or the present, as you might be in a small random sentence  like:

	Do you like my excessive explanations?
	Am I reading your mind?
	Ah, what did you say?? "get out" "get out"
 
I made myself laugh at least, if none of you did.  Hehe.  Losers, I hate you.

	jyoudan		
	jyoudan dayo	 (masculine sounding)
	jyoudan yo	 (feminine sounding)	("yo" by itself is more feminine in general)
	jyoudan dake yo (feminine sounding)	(not very common compared to the others)
	only joking (i assure you)
		dake = only, just
		jyoudan = joke

-------------------------------------------  [ Adjective Conjugations: " na " ]  --------------------------------------------

Let's talk about "na" adjectives now.
I gave the example:    benrina = comfortable.

There are a couple differences between "i" and "na" adjectives when modifying nouns & conjugating.
With " i " adjectives it's just adjective   X          With " na " adjectives it's adjectivena   X          

"i"	hiroi teeburu 	= wide table
"na"	benrina isu	= comfortable chair

so when modifying nouns with "na" adjectives you keep the "na."
However, when you use "na" adjectives as a verbal you don't keep the "na."
Verbal meaning it comes in the position where a verb would in japanese. 

	kore wa oishii yo 	= as for this, its tasty (i assure you/i inform you)
	kore wa benri da yo 	= as for this, its convenient (i assure you/i inform you)

So it's the same pattern when you do it like this.  You might be wondering why I put "desu/da" into 
the second example.  This is the difference with conjugation of "na" adjectives.
"na" adjectives conjugate using  " desu/da."   So this is like revision:

      benri desu / benri da
      benri deshita / benri datta
      benri dewa arimasen / benri ja arimasen / benri dewa nai / benri ja nai
      benri dewa arimasendeshita / benri ja arimasendeshita / benri dewa nakatta  / benri ja nakatta
             more formal -------------------------------------------------------------------->more informal

With "na" adjectives you don't need to drop anything from the stem, it's just that you don't add the 
"na" and you conjugate with the "desu/da" pattern.  If you conjugate with "desu/da" pattern then 
guess what...  You need to use "desu/da" for grammatical purposes.

	benri ja nai yo - it isn't convenient

You can't drop the "ja nai," or else you lose the grammar.

I have just been asked a question about the pronunciation for "benri."
It's pronounced "ben'ri" - the "n" is held for a full beat.       be-n-ri
Each part is equal in length, you kind of pause on the "n" sound a little.

-----------------------------------------  [ Adjectives: Examples ]  -------------------------------------------------

	kono kouen wa kitanai desune
	this park is dirty, isn't it?
		kouen = park
		kitanai = dirty (kitanai is an "i" adjective)

	sou dane, hontou ni kitanai ne
	yah, it really is dirty, isn't it?
		kitanakatta = wasn't dirty

errr, was dirty.  I made that mistake on purpose because its a funny adjective
it looks like its "kita" + "nakatta"   I just taught you that "nakatta" = wasn't
It's not the case here, so I wanted to point it out. the stem is kitana:

	kitanai / kitanakatta / kitanakunai / kitanakunakatta

Try that, then try it again, then try it one more time :P  hahaha.

The word for clean is actually "kirei(na)" and it's a "na" adjective, while its antonym is an "i" 
adjective. So, we have: 

	kirei da / kirei datta / kirei ja nai / kirei ja nakatta			      (informal)
	kirei desu / kirei deshita / kirei ja arimasen / kirei ja arimasendeshita    (formal)

You may have heard kirei = pretty   That is also true, pretty as in beautiful.
Not pretty as in, "kekekekeke pretty much sucks ass."   Those are different :P

	kono benrina tekisuto wa omoshiroi desu ne
	As for this convenient/useful textbook, it's interesting isn't it?
		tekisuto = textbook
		omoshiroi = fun, interesting
		benri(na) = convenient, useful

	sono urusai sensei wa kekekekeke desu
	That annoying teacher is kekekekeke
		urusai = noisy, annoying
		sensei = teacher, instructor, doctor, etc
		urusai and omoshiroi are both "i" adjectives

So I had hoped one of you in the crowd here would say, 
"urusakunai yo" = he isn’t annoying (i assure you)!!   but no one did, so rot in hell scum!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Okay, I'd like to end it with that line.
Next week, I'll continue with adjective examples then we'll talk about verbs and some numbers.

______________
 ||  Homework  ||
--------------------------

1. Watch part 4 of the learn Japanese video ( Japanese Basic 1 - 04 - Where is it )

2. Read lesson 4 in the textbook and review your 25 hiragana.

3. Learn the hiragana "ha, hi, hu, he, ho, ma, mi, mu, me, mo"
            I encourage everyone to use the website & re-read the log when it's posted in a few days.
            http://www.japanese-name-translationcom/site/hiragana_symbols.html

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STUDENT LISTS :
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Ani-Master		Conspera		KenX 			R0N1N
candrodor		CornOUT 		KoIDemona 		raize 
divStar			CracheX 		Konowal		rane 
Neko-Musume		Cron-Flyback		Lammbock 		Renato_kun 
Ryo-ohki		cryptic			Lanthis 			Rocky_Spirit
Vincent-MX		dude^2 			L_FRoST 		S4RG3 
yidaki			Dwolin 			mangatron		ShadowofShinobi 
AlHikmah 		Fizzy 			mangatron 		Takeya 
AnimatedAntmo 	Grange			ManofWar		ThePuff
b0b0 			Hijikatasama 		Mazhule		The_Paper 
BakuraRYU		IceTiger 		Nem-siS		TuncaCeleste 
bjarnis 			inuyasharenegade 	Norgus			Willy 
BraiN 			ipridian			PaNDeR 		xenokite
Carlisle 			Kazekage 		prosthetic 		Xistance

Thanks for your support everyone! Do your homework!! 
See you on the first tuesday of next yeeeeeeeeaaaaaar!!    ~~kekekekeke

Editors – Ani-Master, Candrodor, Vincent-MX, kekekekeke
This is Version 3.0

Vincent-MX Bonus: Behind the scene:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Willy		: I don't know if I'm allowed to PM you, but I did so anyway. Do you think you have 
		  time to  comment on that for me pretty please?
kekekekeke	: Please PM me any questions :)
		  your question, with kita + nai = is not why it means dirty
		  because clean = kirei

Norgus		: erm with adjectives like kirei, where they are both types
		  kanojo wa kirei na hito desu OR kanojo wa kirei desu
		  Why is one kireina and the other kirei?  Which is right?
kekekekeke	: With your sentences above, both are right.  They are different sentences: one is 
		  directly modifying a noun, one isn't.  The one like with the "na" dropped is directly 
		  modifying the noun.  "kirei" is ONLY a "na" adjective. 
		  For why you would use ookii versus ookina.  You crop off an i
		  "ookii" can act as both a "na" and a "i" adjective though, so can "chiisai."  
Norgus		: yeah but with those the last i is removed for the na adjective
		  so you can differenciate those a bit better
kekekekeke	: yup, but "chiisai mise" and "chiisana mise" both mean small shop
		: so it kind of breaks the rules :(

Learning resources:  George and Keiko, and many others from either !japanese in this channel, or 
http://kowaisensei.online.fr/

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Did you know that?

Before the New Year in Japan, it's a tradition to do some osoji, or cleaning. Japanese households 
are cleaned thoroughly towards the beginning of the New Year. Once the house is clean, a lot of 
cooking is done to prepare for the traditional New Year's meals. 

Now you know that!  Get going on those broom, mop and vacuum the whole place thoroughly!

HAVE FUN :) and don't forget the cooking !!  If not for other, then for yourself :P

                    Oh and have HAPPY NEW YEAR!   AKEMASHITE OMEDETOU !

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=======================================================================
This 4th lesson by kekekekeke was re-edited by      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~     Vincent-MX  V3.0  
=======================================================================
Thanks to " Candrodor " and " Ani-Master " for a really nice clean log.

This Document is BEST viewed in Wordpad instead of Microsoft Word ^_^;
       because wordpad doesn't have red spell check underlining.